Containers
Virtual Machines In the quest for maximising efficiency of computing power available on servers Virtual Machines (VMs) came into existence, with products from firms like VMware and Virtualbox pushing the concept to general users. “In computing, virtualization refers to the act of creating a virtual (rather than actual) version of something, including virtual computer hardware platforms, operating systems, storage devices, and computer resources.” - Wikipedia Virtual Machines are created on top of hypervisors which run on top of the host machine’s operating system (OS), the hypervisors allow emulation of hardrware like CPU, Disk, Memory, Network etc and server machines can be configured to create a pool of emulated hardware resources available for applications in the process making the actual harware resources on those server utilized much more efficiently.